A Classification of Banisteriopsis Species
Used in Ayahuasca Preparations
(from Junquera, 1989)

 1.  Banisteriopsis caapi


 2.   B. ceduciflora 
3.   B. cornifolia 
4.   B. cristata 
5.   B. heterostyla 
6.   B. inebrians 
7.   B. laevifolia 
8.   B. leiocarpa 
9.   B. leptocarpa 
10. B. longialata
11. B. lucida 
12.  B. martiniana 
13.  B. muricata 
14.  B. nigrescens 
15.  B. nutans 
16.  B. oxyclada 
17.  B. padifolia
18.  B. peruviana 
19.  B. pubipetata 
20.  B. quitensis 
21.  B. rusbyana*

note: B. rusbyana* = Diplopterys cabrerana

Native Classification of Ayahuasca Types
Based on Effects and Symbolism
(from Junquera, 1989)



Classification of the Meaning - Effect - Symbolism
Harakmbet Indians:
1. Boyanhe Green (unripe): produces visions of hunting, fishing, searching for property, migrations, visions, etc.

2. Sisi Flesh of ancestors: visions of heaven, here understood as the universe of the past to the present.

3. Kemeti Flesh of the tapir: signs which aim at recreating the mythical universe.

4. Mbakoi Bird: pictures with vivid colors. Birds are considered the ideal beings for undertaking shamanic journeys.

5. Wakeregn White: white images which show the journey to Seronhai, a place where the dead stay. In this place, it is possible to speak with the Tonemei-Kindah (the first harakmbet)

6. Benkuja Blue: impressive images. This agent is only utilized by shamans after the fourth or fifth session, as its effects are permanent.

7. Yari Huangana (animal or place): vivid and colorful images. A strong agent producing delusions which should be used with caution, as it can lead to complete unconsciousness from which it is not permitted to return.

8. Nembuya Little Forest: quickly points out those animals which the shaman requires to journey to the various zones of the universe.

9. Bihihi Laziness: Produces images of the mythical universe.

10. Keren Thunder.

11. Pet-pet Jaguar: This agent leads to the land of the jaguar, where the medicine men receive magical clothes which enable them to transform themselves.

12. Benkuje Wookpecker: The leaves of this agent contain a spirit who chops apart the illness and inaugurates the healing process.

13. Anidoyak Drawing: forms an image in the body of the sick person if there is a possibility of a cure. The image remains in the body of the person after the cure so that he or she does not become ill again.

14. Wenekey Yellow bird: This agent elicits yellowish colors and speeds up or slows down movement.

15. Takature Exotic spirit: enables the shamans assistant to creep into him, so that he may see what the shaman does in order to remain in trance.

16. Soeti Monkey: This agent is a beverage of flour and herbs which make it possivle for the shaman to spring from tree to tree during the night without getting injured.

17. Waksik Fish: (Myletes): Allows the shaman to dive under water and thereby acquire knowledge about this area which can aid him in his activities.

18. Tigrillo Tigrillo: Is used during hunting ceremonies or for similar purposes during the medicine man ritual.

19. Yahenko To knock on the earth: The spirits disappear under the earth and arrive in the realm of the Toto in order to render them ineffective.

20. Ebahote See far: The shaman uses this to see from the heavens where magical medicines which can heal illness can be purchased.

21. Etuhehen Roll together: The assistants take extracts of this plant in order to disguise themselves in a little forest where they wait for evil spirits, so that they can inform the shaman how to render these evils harmless.

22. Ehehurik Smell: The smells of this agent are vital for victory.



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